Odyssey and Goddess Calypso Circe

Maddy Evans 5 Paragraph Essay Brain-raging Part I: Separation 1. )Call to Adventure  ·Odysseus must go to Troy to battle in the Trojan War 2. )Refusal of the Call  ·At first he won't and expresses that he IS NOT doing battle. 3. )Noting the Call  ·Athena reveals to Odysseus that he ought to go battle. So he at long last concluded he was going to.  ·He got together weapons/food and set up a team and set sail for Troy. 4. )Extraordinary Aid/Guide  ·Athena, all through, The Odyssey , helps him in all his needs. . )Friends  ·Athena (Godley help)  ·Penelope (Odys' better half)  ·Telemachus (Odys' child) 6. )Intersection the Threshold  ·When Ody Leaves for the Trojan War. 7. )Edge Guardians Poseidon's Monster Polyphemus 8. )Entering the paunch of the whale Odysseus is the sole overcomer of a wreck and finishes in Calypso's island. Part II: Initiation 1. )Street of Trials 1. Cicones (six men lost from each boat 2. Lotus-eaters (should forcibly drag the inebriated men back to vessels) 3.Cyclops (loses 6 men †puts out Polyphemus' eye †insults the blinded Cyclops) 4. Aeolus (gives sack of winds to Odysseus) Aeolus 2 (articulates revile on Odysseus after breezes let out) 5. Laestrygonians (loses all boats however his own) 6. Circe (men went to pigs †moly encourages him get away from her revile †one year in Circe's home) 7. House [Kingdom] of the Dead (sees Tiresias and Achilles his mom [Anticleia], Agamemnon, et al. ) A. Circe 2 8. Alarms (Odysseus tunes in! ) 9. Scylla and Charybdis (loses six men to Scylla) 10.Cattle of the Sun (loses the remainder of his men) 11. Calypso's Isle 2. )Meeting with the Goddess Calypso Circe 3. )Snatching/Night Sea Journey being Captured by Calypso The excursion to Hades 4. )Mythical beast Battle Representing the numerous obstacles Ody must defeat on his excursion home. 5. )Sidekicks In request for Ody to be changed, he should surrender his previous lifestyle. 6. ) Atonement to/Recognition of the dad Th e finish of Odys venture and is the venturing stone that encourages him accept his legitimate spot as pioneer in the general public. 7. )Extreme Boom

Personal Development Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Improvement - Personal Statement Example My objectives for one week from now are to keep composing. 3 Getting Information and Data It sure was a great deal of explicit data. I found out about composition and research styles and referencing methods. My objective for one week from now is to see direct how to lead library inquire about. 4 Introductions I love introductions. I took in the suitable manner to configuration slides. My objective for one week from now is to stay aware of the grid. 5 How Information Is Used This was a truly cool talk. I found out about the various techniques for fundamental reasoning. My objectives for one week from now are to proceed with my network and attempt to actualize fundamental scientific reasoning. 6 Data in Global Business Communications I never thought of correspondence like this. I found out about the history and strategies for business interchanges. My objectives for one week from now incorporate staying aware of assignments and talks. 7 Data in Business This was the most intriguing talk to me up until this point. I found out about how data innovation expands business. I will likely finish this module emphatically. Synopsis Personal Learning and Skills Matrix Semester General reflection Subject explicit reflections New objectives, new practices Challenge It was a genuine test to keep the networks. In spite of the fact that I realize it will likely assistance me later on, I wish there was a simpler method to utilize reference styles. I intend to actualize increasingly organized time the executives and locate a simpler method to do formal references. Desires I took in almost all that I anticipated from this module. I like the parts about report composing, web correspondences, and frameworks thinking most. I would like to apply the standards any place I can. Duties I believe I have a duty to apply this data adequately in the...Although I am glad for my scholarly accomplishments, I wish I could apply what I realized all the more explicitly in the work environment. In the fitting industry setting, a lot of this is very material, yet in others they were not really. I guess it takes the correct sort of condition to communicate academic ability and be acknowledged for it. I am increasingly used to individuals being narrow minded to scholastic accomplishment. I don't know why. I don't see the mischief in presenting information as a powerful influence for one's life. I am not oppressive about it, and I don't utilize it rudely. I can just suspect that among specific circles learning is viewed as a danger. It is a danger to certain individuals in light of low confidence I presume. It appears they are not ready to forfeit for information so they don't wish any other individual to either. It is a danger to some due to sheer envy. They are reluctant to let others develop expertly who will serve them straightforwardly. I don't generally have the foggiest idea. It is all hypothesis on the off chance that I am to get directly to the point. Human brain research presents the most testing frameworks examination task in the known universe. One thing is sure. A few people are narrow minded toward learning out of the blue. Notwithstanding the bigotry of everyone around me, I am glad that I have achieved such a great amount even with such pointless chances.

Start Growth Hacking What, Why and How

Start Growth Hacking What, Why and How © Shutterstock.com | alphaspiritAs an entrepreneur or marketer, you may have heard about “Growth Hacking” and are keen to know what it is all about. In this article, you’ll learn 1) what growth hacking is, 2) some growth hacking strategies, and 3) examples of growth hacking.WHAT IS GROWTH HACKING?HistoryThe credit for coining the term “Growth Hacker” goes to Sean Ellis, who used it in a blog post in 2010. Sean Ellis is the CEO and maker of Qualaroo and a start-up investor in Silicon Valley. Though it may be a new term, it is being used more and more by technology marketers. A lot of the tactics utilized in growth hacking have been present for a long time.Sean was forced to come up with the new term because of his frustration when he was recruiting replacements for himself.Sean had assisted some internet companies in achieving considerable growth. Of those companies, a few were in possession of an IPO. In spite of all this, Sean was the go-to man for the valley whenever the y wanted to expand their user base. He would receive payment and equity in return for his services.In essence, Sean’s role turned into a one-man growth shop, establishing processes, mindsets and systems that could be safeguarded following his departure. Ultimately, he would turn over the keys for his growth machine to another person, and he would proceed off into the sunset. That’s what his plan was and that’s where the problems began.In his search for a replacement, he would frequently receive résumés that were not relevant. The résumés listed marketing degrees and marketing experience but still lacked something. Sean was aware that the type of strategies he utilized was not a representation of the conventional playbook utilized by traditional marketers. In addition, if the hires were given responsibility, they would not be an appropriate fit.The focus of a traditional marketer is quite broad and though his skill set is highly valuable, it is not as essential in the teeth ing days of a startup’s life. The initial period of a startup does not require someone to develop and supervise a marketing team or set up a strategic marketing plan to accomplish corporate aims or supervise outside vendors or engage in a lot of the other jobs that marketers are expected to do.In the early phase of a startup, one thing that is definitely required is “growth.”Sean wanted marketers. He got them. So Sean modified what it was he asked for. His watershed blog post was entitled “Find a Growth Hacker for Your Startup.” Thus the phrase “growth hacker” came into being. Andrew Chen made the term available to a bigger audience in a blog with the title “Growth Hacker is the new VP Marketing.” In this blog post, he defined the phrase and utilized Airbnb’s incorporation of Craigslist as example.What is Growth Hacking? Who is a Growth Hacker?In his post, Sean Ellis defined a growth hacker as a person for whom the real north is growth. Everything the person does is closely evaluated by its possible effect on scalable growth.According to Andrew Chen, growth hackers are a blend of coders and marketers. They are the ones who view the conventional question of how to win customers for their product with these answers â€" landing pages, A/B tests, email deliverability, open graph and viral factors.Aaron Ginn provided another definition for growth hacker in 2012 on TechCrunch. According to his definition, growth hacking is a mindset of data, curiosity and creativity. The key characteristic that a growth hacker possesses is creativity. He looks beyond SEO or AdWords for distribution. This marketing professional looks for a tactic within the constraints of a repeatable yet scalable technique for growth, inspired by data but driven by product. He lives at the point of intersection of product, data and marketing. The ultimate objective of all growth hackers is to develop a self-perpetuating marketing machine with the ability to reach millions on its own.Other more elaborate definitions/discussions pertaining to growth hacker/growth hacking are given below:In the era of Web 2.0, growth hacking came to be known as the modern method to reach a market and propagate an idea. In contrast to classical marketing which is usually an interruption to the day, the method of “growth hacking” calls for “pull.” The growth hacker comprehends user behavior and offers value immediately to convince. He makes messaging an essential aspect of the “thoughts” and “lives” of users. He leverages across disciplines, collecting insights from gamification and behavioral economics to determine the right message to attract users or bring them to the company’s side.Growth hacking is a kind of marketing that utilizes creative campaigns, analytics, social media and organic PR to acquire exposure for a brand. The approach has gained popularity owing to its low expense innovative approach when compared to conventional methods â€" particularly f or tech start-ups who don’t want to or are unable to finance marketing campaigns associated with a huge budget.The growth hacker is an IT expert who utilizes elements of market research and marketing, in addition to technical and technology strategies, to offer marketing solutions to employers or clients. Here, the utilization of the word “hacking” suggests a utilization of technology and logic processes toward a particular end aim, in this case, retention of customers and sales.Growth hacking blends engineering principles with marketing principles to develop more precise marketing tactics.Whether or not you have a limited budget for marketing, growth hacking will help you tap into innovative and non-traditional techniques of gaining exposure and therefore triggering growth.GROWTH HACKING STRATEGIESLet’s look at some ways to practice growth hacking. © Flickr | Bill RiceBegin a BlogA blog is a necessary tool in the toolbox of a growth hacker. That doesn’t mean you must stop with a blog. What is required is an all-out content marketing effort. The fuel of growth hacking is content. Whether you opt for blogging, infographics, SlideShare or Instagram, content is important.The more adept you are at developing content, promoting it and maintaining an amount of content, the more skilled you’d be at growth hacking. The customers of today want content. Whether or not they decide to convert depends on the content they read.Harvest Email AddressesThe social media rage is exaggerated. The top lead generation technique is email. Email is associated with three times more active users when compared to all users of social media taken together. It is also 40 times more powerful than Twitter and Facebook, has a purchase potential three times that of social media and attracts 17 percent higher orders. Email continues to grow even though it is quite an old digital marketing medium.An easy way to expand your email list is to provide your website with an email opt-in form. Alternatively, you can utilize a pop-up for utmost email harvesting.Influencer MarketingInfluencer Marketing is a term that refers to targeting an entity within your niche or industry, an entity that has already proved itself as an authority and already gained a huge audience that has faith in it. © Flickr | Stefano MaggiInfluencer Marketing is a great strategy to utilize to get ahead. It helps you to effectively forego all the slow-moving aspects of SEO and social media marketing.Wondering how to apply this in real-time? Suppose you were marketing a self-improvement website. Your target may be a major influencer associated with that field, such as Dave Asprey or Tim Ferriss. After you find your target, engage in any of the following:Design content which you feel would suit their audience after which, you share the content with them;Show yourself willing to work for them;Sponsor them.Whichever step you choose of the three, your objective is to get them to name your brand in interactions with their huge audience, or post your link. By getting them to do so, you will get exposure to many hundreds or thousands of people with just one post, possibly getting yourself an immense number of fans and subscribers overnight.The great thing about influencer marketing is that you don’t have to develop your own audience. With hardly any effort on your part, you gain from direct access to the influencer’s audience.Social Marketing with Fantastic ContentFor the most part, content marketing has to do with slow burn. The majority of marketers utilize this strategy to gradually develop an increased following and more credibility with their audience. After establishing a reputation for themselves as experts and thought leaders, they would find themselves in a suitable position to begin selling things.As an alternative, social bookmarking may be blended with content marketing so as to get immediate outcomes. To get this done, you have to think of a distinct concept for a blog post or article. Preferably, you need to know which target audience you are aiming at when you write. You should be aware of how to attract that target audience.The title of your content should have an emotional hook. It should guarantee something different/unique from other websites.Utilize Scalab le TacticsBegin small, whichever tactic you wish to execute. The tactics that become popular gain speed on their own and take you to better conversion rates. The important thing to remember is to ensure you are in possession of the infrastructure required to accommodate growth to prevent back-end difficulties from decelerating the momentum.Social media businesses are a fantastic example of scalable efforts with the latent ability to skyrocket to great heights. Facebook began small, but utilized various tactics including sharing techniques, in addition to a model for recruiting new engineers, for the upkeep of the platform, and to create a scalable and viable plan that provided sustenance for its growth.Double-Sided ReferralsAfter it came out, DropBox had to deal with a major problem: their early pay-per-click test had a colossal $233-388 expenditure per asset for each new customer. However their life time value (LTV) was $99. At that point, they executed a referral program. The prog ram involved inviting a friend so that both gained from additional free space.The outcome: a hundred thousand registered users increased to 4 million registered users in the span of only 15 months. The percentage of increase was a whopping 3900 percent.Smallest Number of Landing PagesMinimal landing pages are a fantastic solution for single-action programs such as capturing email addresses. The information offers endless possibilities such as putting them on an email drip bandwagon.The most important benefit of minimal landing pages is that they are highly useful for quick iteration. If development of the desired landing page requires considerably less time than that of a long form page, your iteration rate and A/B testing would soar.Post on Product HuntRyan Hoover may have started Product Hunt as a side project never expecting it to become one of the biggest startups in 2014, but it did. Product Hunt brings out interesting, new products each year. If your product gets featured on t he daily list, you can expect a considerable outcome on your starting user base. The number could potentially be in the range of several thousand users.There’s more. Should your product be interesting enough and you lucky enough, major influencers and the press would share it with their corresponding audiences, increasing the number by at least 10 times.Comprehend Your Data WellThe focus of growth hacking is obsessively on data. Data is the guide in the growth-hacking milieu. It is essential that you comprehend Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), multi-variate testing, LTVs, CACs (Customer Acquisition Costs), viral coefficients and other kinds of jargony metrics.An increasing number of analytics establishments are streamlining and bringing out data through methods that provide food to the growth-hacking engine. Aggregate data on its own, is somewhat worthless. From the time you begin to really comprehend your data, you would be in a better position to start growth hacking.Data is n ot necessarily about numbers. It is information. You require customer information (kissmetrics), customer acquisition data (colibr.io) and content performance information (Buzzsumo) in addition to other actionable data.Only Google Analytics is not enough anymore. Go a bit deeper by utilizing an analytics platform that comprehends your data in actionable modes.EXAMPLES OF GROWTH HACKINGAirbnbThis website assists with vacation leasing between peers. Airbnb has expanded into a billion-dollar business. In the beginning, it utilized a potent email campaign in the initial growth hacking stage which aided in propelling the website to the next stage of success. This was followed by another brilliant move having to do with Craigslist spam. The website utilized Craigslist to locate listings of houses available for rent and approached the renters, trying to convince them to put up their ads on Airbnb instead. This step quickly helped the website gain thousands of users. In addition, the networ k became viral almost immediately. It can thus be seen that you cannot underestimate how much you can gain from leveraging an already-existing network. However, do keep in mind that you would not want to overlap with an establishment that is presently in close competition with you.TwitterWhen Twitter initially began, it had plenty of quick publicity. Thousands of people were signing up and sharing with their friends through social networks and blogs. However, continued utilization of the product, in due course, was not permanent. Twitter’s large audience seemed to sign up, fiddle with their account for a small number of days never to log into their account again. The company then made a decision to invest in their very product rather than trying to convince their users to return by way of special offers.The social media platform started performing comprehensive testing on the interface and user experience, followed by reconstruction of the whole system on the basis of information they collected from the tests.Twitter was able to learn many diverse things with respect to its users â€" one thing being that if users, on their first ever day on Twitter chose 5 to 10 accounts to follow, there was a far greater possibility of them becoming long-term users. The reason for this is that once they’ve chosen accounts that appeal to them, there is more investment in their account from their side.Those users who signed in without communications with others logged off without seeing the value latent in the network. Twitter went on altering their system so as to assist users with immediately getting personal benefit from their Twitter account and rapidly witnessed a considerable soar in success.FacebookThis social media giant utilized email notifications to inform people when a person known to them included them in a tag in a photo. With approximately 75 percent click-through rates, it is quite obvious how this masterly utilization of must-see-my-face frame of mind and h uman curiosity brought great gains for the platform. Image credit:  Flickr | Bill Rice under Attribution 2.0 Generic, Flickr | Stefano Maggi under Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic.

Character Recognition By Machines, An Innovative Way By...

Abstract—Character Recognition by machines is an innovative way by which the dependence on manpower is reduced. Character recognition provides a reliable alternative of converting manual text into digitized format. Now-a-days, as technology becomes integral part of human life, many applications have enabled the incorporation of English OCR for real time inputs. The advantages that the English alphabet has is its simplicity offered by less number of letters i.e. 26 and easier classification due to the concept of lowercase and uppercase. If we consider Devnagari script in this scenario, we will come across myriad hurdles because this script lacks the simplicity of English. The concept of fused letters, modifiers, shirorekha and spitting similarities in some letters make recognition difficult. Also, character recognition for handwritten text is far more complex than that for machine printed characters. This is because of the versatility and different writing techniques adopted b y people. The direction of strokes, pressure applied on writing equipments, quality of writing equipment and the mentality of the writer itself highly affects the written text. These problems when combined with the intricate details of Devnagari script, the complications in constructing a HCR of this script are increased. The proposed system focuses on these two issues by adopting Hough transform for detecting features from lines and curves. Further, for classification, SVM is used. 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Marketing research is charged with helping to reduce such uncertainties, ...but will never remove it. At best, marketing research will increase the probability that the decisions which management has to take will help attain the organisation s marketing objectives. Chapter Objectives The objectives of this chapter are to: †¢ Define the role of marketing research in decision making †¢ Outline the contents of a research brief †¢Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesthought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizational dilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the practical world of organizations. The authors’ sound scholarship and transparent style of writing set the book apart, making it an ingenious read which invites reflexivity, criticalness and plurality of opinion from the audience. 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The Subject Of Marriage Is Age Old- - 1165 Words

Julie Shamblin Due April 9, 2015 The subject of marriage is age-old- certainly not something as new as to be borne of the last few centuries. Debates as to the results of the institution, however, may be thought of differently. It has not been until as recent as the twentieth century that we have begun to examine the sort of effects that the institution of matrimony has produced on either men, or women. Perhaps amusingly enough, findings indicate the contrariness as to how Western society has trained both men and women to feel towards the thought of marrying another: marriage has a far more positive effect on men than many know, but unfortunately, the same cannot be said of women. However, that is not to say that this finding is universal. There have always been- and will be- exceptions, and beyond that, there are factors of not insignificant influence. Stereotypical reactions to the concept of marriage in Western societies are very well-known; both husbands and single men are often to bemoan marri age as trapping or soul-destroying, and women, it is said, should aspire to marriage from the earliest of ages. Despite what many men (and women, to be truthful) would have one believe about that consequences of marriage in the average citizen’s life, marriage is not in fact an evil. Married American men actually benefit in several ways, not the least of which to be said is the fact of a longer lifespan. According to research presented by Carol Tavris and Carol Wade, studies thatShow MoreRelatedSex and Sexuality: Interviews1610 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussed before marriage and what a healthy sexual relationship, with differences being how they learned about sex and sexuality and their opinion on what would make it easier for people to talk about sex due to their gender, life experiences, and culture. There were seven individuals that I had interviewed, which consist of four females and three males. Subject A is an 18-year-old single female who came from Hispanic origin. Subject B is a 20-year-old single Caucasian male. Subject C is a 23-year-oldRead MoreMarriage is a Committment to Your Spouse740 Words   |  3 Pagesa life changing situation- marriage. So at what age is it appropriate to marry? Teenage marriage has become a subject that many people have disagreed on over the last few decades. Some say that teenagers are not mature enough to marry, while others argue that if a teenager truly loves someone they should get married. If love is a promise, are teenagers prepared to make a commitment to marry someone else? Even though teenage marriage should be discouraged, the marriage can be successful if the coupleRead MoreComparison Between Russia And Germany905 Words   |  4 Pagescultural change of marriage (Petrova, 2015b). 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As of today, 1 in 3 girls are being married off in many developing countries.(girlsnotbrides.org) That is, 15 million girls under the age of 18, that are being deprived of an education, robbed of their innocence and childhood, are having their life jeopardized by health issues related to child marriage. Child marriage is a global issue, negatively affecting and violating the human rights of many young girls being married before the age of 18 years old around the world

Alcohol Policy Report Free Essays

The WEOC management deems it necessary to establish a set of stringent guidelines for serving alcohol at all of its events, since the company does not support completely banning alcohol consumption. A single alcohol management policy would help enforce a standard practice free of bias and conflicts. This would ensure that all individuals attending the event have a good time without any disturbance from individuals intoxicated with alcohol. We will write a custom essay sample on Alcohol Policy Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since the company hosts a fair share of late night parties, it would help prevent accidents resulting from drunken driving. Moreover, limiting alcohol consumption at events such training programs and conferences would ensure that business productivity is not affected due to overconsumption of alcohol. Enforcing a policy restricting alcohol consumption is essential to exercise control over large crowds at WEOC sponsored sports events. Since WEOC hosts events such as picnics involving attendees of all ages, it is the company’s responsibility to ensure that such events are suitable for all members of a family including children and elderly people. It is has been proven that individuals under the influence of alcohol may act in a boisterous manner and may even exhibit hostile tendencies. Avoiding individuals from alcohol overdose would help prevent damage to any property in the event premises. It is in the company’s best interest to follow this uniform policy would ensure that none of the employees suffer from alcohol intoxication and behave inappropriately towards a client. This policy is generally good for business and helps in building a positive brand image, since embarrassing scenarios leading to bad press could be avoided by maintaining a certain degree of civility and orderliness. All employees attending an event serving alcohol would be made aware of this policy and expected to conduct themselves in a socially acceptable manner. It should be duly noted that the following ten-point policy will followed in its entirety by all employees under all circumstances at WEOC events. 1) All WEOC events where alcohol is served shall be mandatorily required to use the services of a bartender certified through a state-recognized training program on responsible alcohol service. 2) All event attendees and other staff members with the exception of the certified bartender shall be prohibited from dispensing alcohol. 3) Underage drinkers will not be entertained and the bartender would have the authority to demand valid identification to authenticate one’s age (Grapevine Bar Catering 2007). 4) The bartender shall be given the authority to restrict the number of drinks served to all attendees to prevent alcohol intoxication. 5) Bartenders will have the right to refuse serving certain drinks that can lead to quick and high levels of intoxication. 6) Any attendee of a WEOC event can be refused alcohol service at anytime if the bartender deems him/her unfit for consuming alcohol. 7) The bar shall be manned by the bartender at all times and alcohol containers shall remain behind the bar. 8) Attendees of the event shall not be allowed to carry alcohol out of the facility where the event is taking place. 9) The bartender shall stop serving drinks 30 minutes prior to the end of any WEOC event. 10) Bartenders will be prohibited from accepting any form of tips, in order to avoid biased treatment. Reference: Grapevine Bar Catering. (2007). Alcohol Serving Policy. RossCo Innovations LLC. Retrieved 1August 2008, http://www. cateredsolution. com/servingPolicies. htm Retailers- Alcohol Service Policy. 2young2drink. Retrieved 1 August 2008, http://www. 2young2drink. com/retailers/alcohol_policy. asp RMIT University. (2001). RMIT – Health and Safety Manual. Retrieved 1 August 2008, http://mams. rmit. edu. au/9bxvxdqlamedz. pdf How to cite Alcohol Policy Report, Papers

Conformity and Individuality free essay sample

What have the students of Gordon high school learned about individuality and conformity? How has Rhue conveyed their experiences to the responder? In the book â€Å"The wave†, Morton Rhue conveys his idea of the conformity through the introduction of the organization called â€Å"the wave† and its impact upon students in Gordon High. At the same time, his opinions towards individuality are expressed through the personal experience and the behavior of the non-wave members. Conformity is not just a simple inclination to the majority. To take it further, conformity is actually a kind of â€Å"symptom† when a person gradually loses his control over himself. In other words, conformity is a compromise to the community in exchange for the recognition from the public by giving up own ideas and thoughts. In addition, people who conform together would feel superior compared to others who are not parts of them. That’s why the fascism towards a particular thing spreads faster and faster. Through the motto, Strength through discipline, Morton Rhue shows the idea of brainwashing, the essential process which creates conformity among a group. Motto is a phrase that shows a broad and shared vision of the group. In fact, motto is the most effective instrument of doctrinisation. It is required to brainwash members of a group in order to clear their concerns and help to establish loyalty towards the group. The commission to the motto shows a person’s determination to the ideology conveyed by the group. When students in the histroy chanted, the repetition of â€Å"Strength through discipline† made them believe that they had actually become stronger than before and meanwhile they felt excited and powerful because everyones identical reaction created sense of unity in the class. Morton Ruhe also expresses the fear brought by The wave through the anonymous letter in chapter 11. The fear towards The wave is directly reflected by the anonymity of the letter. The reason why it is anonymous is that the boy who writes the letter is afraid of being accused of his resistane to the group. The fact that the letter could have been written by a junior student shows the impact of the wave has extended beyond the initial group but to almost the whole school. The content of the letter, â€Å"He even said I would lose all my friends if I don’t join. I think he was trying to scare me†, reveals the fact that some of those new members are attracted by â€Å"the wave† itself while most are persuaded by their friends or even forced to attend the party-like event. This emphasizes the fear caused by The wave. As the power of â€Å"the wave† increases, students’ fear and concerns upon it increases as well. Only by conforming to the group, can they be free from the discrimination and accepted by the majority and this makes the expansion of The wave faster and more uncontrollable. In addition, through the incidence of bully happened to a jewish boy, Morton Rhue communicates the sense of superiority and absolute power across the group. Though the fact was not clear, it was noted that after thoses lads were separated by teachers, those beaters gave a salute of Wave. Just as Mr. Saunders said, There was even some uncertainty over whether it was over The Wave, or whether The Wave was just an excuse the hoods had used to start a fight†, The wave might have become an excuse for violence becasue they thought there were superior and hence eligible to bully others. The fact that no one stood out to help that jewish boy shows the power of the wave is immutable and has taken over the justice in the school. In contrast, individuality occurs when a person stays different from the majority. Individuals, or dissenters, who hold different ideas are always treated as so-called â€Å"nerds† and become marginalized. By referring to the personal experience of Laurie, Morton Rhue illustrates the idea of individuality from different aspects. By showing the disruption of the school caused by wave, Morton Rhue conveys the idea that individuality is fragile compared to conformity. At first, only a few are wave members, however, it got more and more people into the system. It is because individuality is harder to hold. Being the one who stands against the wave means you have to incur wrath and despise from others. Therefore, it requires extremely stubbornness in mind to bear and resist the external peer pressure. Morton Rhue also expresses that the awareness of individuality can be achieved through effective communication. The talk between Laurie and her mother induced Lauries concern over the wave and she successfully overcome the pressure with the support from her family. Effective communication and backing are very important in terms of the maintenance of individuality. Furthermore, Morton Rhue emphasizes the importance of individuality by comparing Laurie to the others. Determination and persistence of Laurie proved that she was right at the end. This shows that individuality is vital for a group to be instructed towards a positive direction. In conclusion, conformity and individuality are two completely different characteristics of people. Conformity is more influential while individuality is fragile. There is not absolute right or wrong between conformity and individuality. People would conform because they will be fairly treated and accepted by the majority when they acknowledged to the same belief. At the meantime, people would dissent from the community because they strongly believe in themselves and hold ideas which actually would help to improve the community in action. Neither of conformity and individuality can be justified but they need to be balanced in order to achieve a stable society. Conformity is required regarding to the ethical rules and laws in the world. Yet individuality is also needed as it is important that people have their own ideas and behavior in terms of self-conviction.

The Golden Rule free essay sample

One day as a naive child, I asked my parents, If you are supposed to treat others the way you want to be treated, why is anyone ever mean? Everyone I know had had the golden rule branded into their brains ever since they could hear, yet, as some got older, the branding had obviously faded. Even as a young girl this phrase stuck in my mind and ever since then I have tried to live through it. Recently, I saw the benefits of treating others the way I would like to be treated. Throughout my work with the St. Ignatius Teen Service Group, Key Club, and the Fellowship of Christian Athletes, I have been able to help so many people in various ways. For me, it was never about getting credit. Ive always wondered why we need to keep track of community service hours in high school because if you really care about the people you are affecting, you dont care about the credit on your end. We will write a custom essay sample on The Golden Rule or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As I was applying for colleges, I came across the teacher recommendation section and had to think of the people in my life that could describe my true character the best. I have been accepted to every single school that I have heard back from so far. I know I could never have said that without these people that have gotten to know me over the years. Being respectful and honest with the writers of my recommendation letters has allowed them to write respectively and honestly about me. If I had been rude to them, I know I would not have been given all of the opportunities that are popping up right in front of me. â€Å"Watch your thoughts, for they become words. Watch your words, for they become actions. Watch your actions, for they become habits. Watch your habits, for they become character. Watch your character, for it becomes your destiny.† -Unknown. After reading this quote on a poster at my school, I began to really think about it and realized how true and important it is. If you are always good to people; if you always respect and share with others, people will notice. You will make a lasting impression in their minds that will assist them in their decision of how to treat you.

A short history of classical music essays

A short history of classical music essays Music is considered food for the soul. It is also considered as medicine for a depressing soul or a tensed mind. Music has its different forms suiting different moods e.g. classical music, hip hop, rock and roll, blues, jazz etc. Each of these music types has their own regional and cultural traditions. Classical music has its own noble history like the rest of the music types. Every culture and tradition has its own form of classical music that is played with the assistance of different instruments e.g. Indians, Chinese, Arabs and Europeans had their own traditions for classical music. Classical music is a broad, somewhat inexact term, referring to music produced, or rooted in the traditions of art, ecclesiastical and concert music. A music is classical if it includes some of the following features: a learned tradition, support from the church or government, or greater cultural capital. Classical music is also described as complex, lasting, transcendent, and abstract. The classical music, found in stores and performed regularly by symphonies around the world, spans a length of time from 1600 up to the present. This time frame includes the Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic and Contemporary periods. The classical period of music actually spans a time from of 1750 to 1800. Some people consider classical music as Western Art Music because most of the major composers till the 20th century were European. Vivaldi was Italian, Bach was German, Mozart and Beethoven were Austrian; they were some of the more prominent composers. The instrumentations used for composition of Classical music include both large orchestras and small ensembles. The largest part of the orchestra was the string section consisting of violins, violas, cellos and string basses. These instruments were invented very early in medieval times but really matured into their present form during the late 18th century. The wind instruments, comprised of brass and woodw...

The Purpose of Human Rights is to Protect Certain Fundamental Essay

The Purpose of Human Rights is to Protect Certain Fundamental Interests of Citizens From the Power of the State - Essay Example d reflected of individual national values and traits. Even so, in more recent times there has been a movement toward the creation of universal private law, largely consistent with and reflective of universal human right.2 Despite this emerging parallel, the purpose of private law and the purpose of human rights are entirely different. This paper identifies the key differences between private law and human rights by examining their respective purposes. The Purpose of Human Rights The term human rights originate from the term â€Å"natural rights† and typically involve the term â€Å"universal rights†.3 Thus, natural and universal rights are embodiments of the political and moral thought that certain freedoms and rights are automatic to all individuals for the simple reason that they are all human beings.4 In fact, Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 (UDHR)informs that, â€Å"all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights†.5 Article 2 goes on to state that: everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind such as race, colour, sex, language, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.6 It can therefore be concluded from Articles 1 and 2 of the UDHR, that the purpose of human rights is to identify and describe the natural rights of mankind and to direct states to take measures that are appropriate for safeguarding and promoting those rights. Fagan confirms this conclusion by observing that both interest and choice theories of human rights agree that human rights are intended to â€Å"protect and promote the conditions for a certain quality of life for all†.7 The justification and purpose of human rights was motivated by the human atrocities committed by the state (Germany) during the Second World War. Thus ultimately, human rights as described by the UDHR seek to place constraints on the s tate’s ability to use its power against the dignity of its citizens. In this regard, liberal theory is instructive. According to liberal theory, state sovereignty dictates that all political and public authority belongs to the state. Therefore it is the state’s ultimate responsibility to protect and promote the natural rights and dignity of citizens within its state’s borders.8 Human rights are intended to recognize the vulnerability of human citizens to the authority of the state and to offer a method by which human citizens can be strengthened and can thus make claims against a state that seeks to exploit its own power and the vulnerability of the citizens within its territory.9 Donnelly explains that human rights identify common human values while private law embodies the underlying values that human beings do not have an automatic right to.10 Donnelly specifically states: Human rights are not just abstract values such as liberty, equality, and security. They are rights, particular social practices to realize those rights. A human right thus should not be confused with the values or aspirations underlying it or with enjoyment of the object of the right.11 For example the universal right against arbitrary capital punishment may be enjoyed independent of any universal human rights regime and quite simply because of underlying custom, practice or religious or moral codes. Human rights

Special Educational Journal Research Paper Essay

Special Educational Journal Research Paper - Essay Example Issues in judgment and evaluation Efficacy of no detention policyFocus on exceptional approaches should be applied for teaching and learning Society should take active participation in the improvement of schools and its practicesChange in the teaching-learning method and the provision of multi-level teaching-learning in different subjects in primary schools should incorporated Approaches to teaching and learning should be different and easy to learn pedagogy should be culturally specific Creativeness should be nourished and development should be cognitiveEmerging needs of the society and education SECONDARY EDUCATION Identification and nurturance of competent ideas in different subject areas in varied classes at different level Ultimate methods of learning to learn new things Integration of skills needed to life should be incorporated into curriculum, textbooks, instructional materials and teaching-learning and evaluation process Identification of suitable grade/class for introduction of second language on the basis of analysis of linguistic situation in the state and or state needs Identification of class/grade/stage at which Hindi/English should be introduced on a compulsory basis as second language and the period for which these should be taught Formulation of State specific plans concerning identification of class/grade in upper primary stage from which third language should be introduced Making curriculum indigenous/culture specific/contextual Developing remedial instruction in different subject areas Development of concepts related to sustainable development and integration in curriculum, textbooks and instructional materials with other subjects and lifePolicy studies in science education... Clark, C. M. (Ed.). (2001). Talking shop: Authentic conversation and teacher learning. New York: Teachers College. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from http://convention.allacademic.com/aera2004/view_paper_info.htmlpub_id=939&part_id1=23267 Cole, A. L., & Knowles, J. G. (2000). Researching teaching: Exploring teacher development through reflex inquiry. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Hopkins, D., & Stern, D. (1996). International perspectives and policy implications. Teaching and Teacher Education. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Nuthall, G. A. (2001). The cultural myths and the realities of teaching and learning. In L. Livingstone (Ed.), New Zealand Annual Review of Education, Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Robinson, V. (1998). Methodology and the research-practice gap. Educational Researcher, Retrieved 15 October 2006, from

Sql Injection Attacks Pose Computer Science Essay

Sql Injection Attacks Pose Computer Science Essay In recent years, SQL injection attacks pose a common and serious security threat to web applications: they allow attackers to obtain unrestricted access to the database underlying the applications and to the potentially sensitive information these database contain, and it is becoming significantly more popular amongst hackers. According to recent data, between Q1 2012 and Q2 2012, there has been an estimated 69 percent increase of this attack type. [1][2] As you can imagine, a hacker gaining administrator access to your server means that you will have effectively lost all of the data on that server to the invader. Worse yet there is now a beachhead behind your firewall from which attacks on other server and services can now be made. In this way SQL injection can provide access to all company or personal data. In the web environment, end -user privacy is one of the most controversial legal issues, therefore, all types of SQL injections which are dangerous for the components of the web application must be prevented. This article introduces the SQL injection in the first section then provides some techniques for defecting and preventing this kind of attack in the second section. Section 1: Introduction of SQL injection attack SQL injection is an attack technique which can be used by the attacker to exploit the web application; as a result the attacker may gain unauthorized access to a database or to retrieve information directly from the database. Attacker can exploit SQL injection vulnerabilities remotely without any database or application authentication. SQL injection attackers are straightforward in nature an attacker just passes malicious string as an input to an application for stealing confidential information. There are four main kinds of SQL Injection attacks [3]: SQL manipulation, Code injection, Function call injection and Buffer overflows. SQL manipulating usually involves modifying the SQL query through altering the WHERE clause. In this class of attack, amend the WHERE clause of the statement so the WHERE clause constantly results in TRUE [4]. In the case of code injection an attacker introduces new SQL statements into the input field instead of valid input. The classic code or statement appends a SQL server command to make SQL statement vulnerable. Code injection only works when multiple SQL statements per database request are supported or keywords like AND, OR are supported by the database. Function call injection is the addition of database functions or user defined functions into a vulnerable SQL queries. These function calls can be used to make internal calls or modify data in the database that can be harmful to the users. SQL injection of buffer overflows is a subset of function call injection. In several commercial and open-source databases, vulnerabilities exist in a few database functions that may result in a buffer overflow. Once an attacker realizes that a system is vulnerable to SQL injection, he is able to execute any SQL command including DROP TABLE to the database; hence the attack must be prevented. Protection Methods for SQL Injection attacks: To build secure applications, security and privacy must be carefully considered, and developer must be aware about it. The main goals of information security are Confidentiality, Integrity and availability. A single unprotected query can be harmful for the application, data, or database server; hence the SQL injection must be prevented. SQL injection attacks can be protected with simple changes in server site programming as well as client side programming. Developers must be aware of all types of attacks and take care for all possible attacks. Developers should authenticate user input against rules; ensure users with the permission to access the database have the least privileges; also do not leak any critical info in error log files. Taking user input from predefined choices: In this way the web application can be secured from malicious attacks. The attacker cannot insert custom queries or any type of harmful script which can disturb the integrity of the database. This is a simple yet effective way to curb web application attacks. This can be established by making simple changes into the server site code. Bind variables mechanism: Bind variable is another technique to control SQL injection attacks. Using bind variables helps in improving web application performance. The web application developer should use bind variables in all SQL statements. In Java language there is a mechanism called prepared statement, this implements the concept of bind variables mechanism. Input validation: This is the simplest method for defense against SQL injection attacks. User input should always be treated with care and there a number of reasons to validate all of the user input before further processing. Every passed string parameter ought to be validated. Many web applications use hidden fields and other techniques, which also must be validated. If a bind variable is not being used, special database characters must be removed or escaped. In most databases the single quote character and other special characters are a big issue, the simplest method to avoid them is to escape all single quotes. This can be established by using client side scripting language. Validation code can help to avoid wasting server resources by restricting requests that would not return useful results and they can provide much more helpful messages to the user than a SQL error message or empty result set would likely provide. Also, they can help stop SQL injection by rejecting, outright, any forms of input that could be used to perform a SQL injection. With the benefits that validation can bring, it is generally wise to validate all user input, even when fully parameterized database calls and uses and uses an account with limited permissions. Use only stored procedures The greatest value for using stored procedures in preventing SQL injection is that the DBA can set permissions for the application account so that its only way to interact with the SQL server is through stored procedures. This would mean that most SQL injection attacks would fail due to lack of permissions even if the calling program did not parameterize. This of course still leaves open the possibility of SQL injection working through dynamic SQL inside the stored procedures, but the stored procedures can be given an execute as clause which limits their permission to only those needed by the procedure. It is generally easier to verify that all stored procedures are written to guard against SQL injection then it is to check every place where the application interacts with SQL server. Limit permission The most important thing is that we should never user admin rights for web based application. The safe way is to give the user as little rights as possible in other word user rights should allow him to do only what is necessary and nothing more. If the account does not have permission to drop a table, then it will not be dropped even if the command is slipped to SQL server. Similarly, if the account has only read access, although the attack my have right to gain some information, he/she will be not able to modify or destroy the data, which is frequently worse. Even the read permission should be strictly limited by database, to limit which tables can be viewed. And if the application only needs selected columns from a table, then read permission on the view can be granted rather than the full table. Conceal error messages: Injection attacks often depend on the attacker at least some information about the database schema. [4] One common way for hackers to spot code vulnerable to SQL injection is by using the developers own tools against them. For example, to simplify debugging of failed SQL queries, many developers echo the failed query and the database error to the log files and terminate the script. In this case, error messages are useful to an attacker because they give additional information about the database that might not otherwise be available. It is often thought of as being helpful for the application to return an error message to the user if something goes wrong so that if the problem persists they have some useful information to tell the technical support team. Hence, the generated error becomes a literal guideline to devising more tricky queries. For example, applications will often have some code that looks like this: try { } catch (Exception exception) { MessageBox.Show(log on failed, exception.Message); } A better solution that does not compromise security would be to display a generic error message that simply states an error has occurred with a unique ID. The unique ID means nothing to the user, but it will be logged along with the actual error diagnostics on the server which the technical support team has access to. The code above would change to something like this instead: try { } catch (Exception exception) { int id = GetIdFromException(exception); MessageBox.Show(log on failed, id.ToString()); } Code review: Code review can be incredibly difficult to implement, especially in a team of old-timers who are not used to it. But once done, it will not only decrease the number of defects in your code, it will also increase the collaboration and help team building, improve brotherhood amongst developers and will propagate best practices and improvement of skill across an entire team or department. Use automated test tools: Even if developers follow the coding rules and do their best to avoid dynamic queries with unsafe user input, we still need to have a procedure to confirm this compliance. There are automated test tools to check for SQL injections and there is no excuse for not using them to check all the code of your database applications. To make a summary: Encrypt sensitive data Access the database using an account with the least privileges necessary Install the database using an account with the least privileges necessary Ensure that data is valid Do a code review to check for the possibility of second-order attacks Use parameterized queries Use stored procedures Re-validate data in stored procedures Ensure that error messages give nothing away about the internal architecture of the application or the database Conclusion SQL injection is one of the more common and more effective forms of attack on a system. Controlling the malicious SQL code/script on the web application and maintaining the end privacy is still a key challenge for the web developer. These issues must be considered seriously by the web developers involved in developing websites using databases.

The First Step in Nation

Packed in Mt. Zion A. M. E. Church, a number of black women had gathered to hear Mary Church Terrell talk about ‘the modern women’. Oblivious of the heat and the perspiration which thoroughly soaked their dresses, the women were eager to hear what Mary Church Terrell as an educator and first president of the National Association of Coloured women had to say. The women were not disappointed, as Terrell looked like the ‘modern woman’ she was telling about. Her graceful walk and speaking captivated the crowd. She talked about educating less fortunate black women, organizing themselves and improving their communities.The representatives of different clubs had joined hands to organize the National Association of Coloured women in order to put forward a formal protest against an insulting letter written by the white president of the Missouri Press Association, James Jacks. Terrell went on to talk about Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, and other women who had worke d for the race, making such a permanent impression on the women, that they were ready to follow the footsteps of their ancestors. One of the women who heard this speech was Fields, a teacher already active in community work.She was a member of Charleston City Federation of women’s club, which specialized in homemaking, helping the disadvantaged, raising funds to help wayward black girls and improving the conditions. She also helped to set up the Priscilla club which served the impoverished black areas, building homes, setting up a United Service Organization for black soldiers during the World War I and later on urging the city officials to hire black teachers. All over the country, black women were helping to shape, mold and direct the thought of their race, in time for an organized female resistance movement.The members of the National Association of Coloured women (NACW) set to solving interlocking problems involving race, gender and poverty. According to them, the problem s of a race could be solved by solving the problems of its women. A story reported sixteen years before Terrell’s speech explains why that period in African- American history is known as Nadir. According to it, a 12- year old black boy narrowly escaped from being lynched by a mob of white boys, all of them in their early teenage years.As an editor of Richmond Planet, a black weekly, ‘lynching was demoralizing to young and old equally and the children did what they saw the adults doing. ’ The time from 1880 to 1930 was the most savage and demoralizing time for the black people. Lynching was a common practice and was often performed as a ritual. African- American’s loss of civil values was just one of the manifestations of the white lawlessness. Blacks were separated from whites in public, schools and related things. Black people dealt with the racism by forming their own institutions and retreated into them.The institution which thrived the most during this period was the Church. The Church became a ground for political discussions and position of power and leadership. Societies were formed by the Church or were joined with it, due to which they got a central position in black social, political and economic life. During this time of retrenchment, black women clubs rose to importance and formed sister clubs all over the country. By the time the NACW brought them together, the number was too high to keep count of. The clubs worked on one principle which was ‘self-help’.They focused on educating mothers and improving the home life. Mother clubs were formed which focused on teaching mothers about home life, educating their children, and protecting their neighborhoods. Women clubs raised money to buy lands on which they made parks, schools, colleges, libraries and hospitals. They also worked on helping black women migrate from rural areas to urban by getting them settled down in their new surroundings, which were often hostile and dangerous. Educational courses were also offered.With time the work became so much that the local federations encouraged clubs to coordinate and take bigger projects then what a single club could have not possibly handled. With time more and more clubs came under NACW, making the structure more complex and projects undertaken more sophisticated. Different departments were formed which kept on increasing with time and the projects undertaken. The philosophy behind the women clubs enabled the women to take action when at one time such was completely unthought-of. Women organization was the first step in nation making according to one of the early presidents of NACW, Josephine Silone Yates.This banding together of the black women was showing the rest of the race a way to move forward, out of the shadows of the past and a way to facing the challenges of the new era. Even with the success of the women clubs, lynching, racism, disfranchisement, race riots were still in power. An edit orial in ‘women’s era’ asked the weak and timid men to step aside and let the women take charge. Women thought that the black men were more a part of the problem, claiming that the men had sold their votes for a mess of pottage., which was something that a black woman would never do. Leaders like Anna Julia Cooper believed that black women could make a lot more headway as compared to men when it came to race problems. Association leaders thought that women would be far more suited for issues related to social welfare then men, due to their moral, nurturing and selfless nature. Cooper’s sense of confidence was nourished by the sense of equality with the black men. While whites had set their differences between men and women, blacks had no such issues.During slavery, black men and women had equal status, had endured incredible hardships along with men, due to which both sex had equal footing in matter of equality. Racism severely limited the lives of black m en though some did vote and held political positions. The fact that black men held a larger area then women was completely insignificant, for women who proclaimed that it was the ‘women era’. Club women didn’t compare the positions held by the men with their positions. They only thought about their goal which was the abolition of racism. Some scholars argued the differences of goals of the black women from the white.The implications of the respective goals of white and black were different because of the difference of context of black and white women’s efforts were different. The end of 19th century was good for the black people, not only because the blacks were responding to the new industrial environment but also to racism repression. Black men at this time were heavily targeted leaving behind the women to deal with the pressures of life. From it became clear that the black women were handling far more burdens then their white counterparts. Also it becam e clear that the black women thought that the white women were also a part of the problem.Till now the black women were considered inferior clubwomen, but now they demanded equality. Black women thought that white women would be able to play a vital role in finishing racism, lynching and their effects. But the women were soon sourly disappointed as they found out that white women had the same thoughts as their men, and when they tried to set themselves apart, they became a burden which the black women had been carrying for so long. Other then a few white women organizations, the rest of the organizations were clearly ‘anti-black’.When friendly organizations asked black women to speak, they asked the crowd to support the black women. The all-white General federation of women’s clubs (GFWC) was openly hostile and in one of their newsletters wrote an offensive story about a marriage between a black and a white. This story was like a warning against inviting black wo men to white women clubs. This story also indirectly told the blacks that they would always be inferior to the whites due to the ‘invisible drop’ of black blood in their veins, no matter how much they got educated or learned, traveled or had talents.Even if these actions hurt the black women, they didn’t let it discourage them from their goal. The first step to nation building was NACW’s belief that the progress of the race was marked by the progress of its women. Even the black Nationalist Martin Delany couldn’t speak about black problems because he knew nothing about the hard working men and women from the south. The position of women became strong in this case as women were the centre of the community and knew the feeling of oppression, both as a woman and as a black.When a black woman spoke, she spoke the voice of the masses, and when the black women were free, the entire black race would be free. Not only the women believed it, the black men al so soon took to the notion of women leading their race. A book named ‘noted negro women’ was also written which told about the achievements of black women and the progress of Negros since slavery. Now that men and women were thinking alike, the only issue which also became a hot topic of discussion in club meetings was how women would lead the race.According to Alice White, a clubwoman from Montgomery, if thee home was at peace, then the women were in power. If homes were pure and teachings were pure, then from these homes, people with strong intellect, morals and religion would come. Others thought that woman should assume wide- ranging roles which would help the community. No one argued that home was the first battle ground or what NACW was doing for the community. Addie Dickerson believed that homes were the building blocks of a nation and if they were strong enough then the nation would be strong as well.She also believed that women had to fight against Jim Crow and join hands with both races to improve the economic conditions of black women who were working out of their homes. Women also insisted that women should vote so that they could have political rights which could help in the reforming. Cooper argued that the time had come for women’s personal independence, moral and intellectual development, political activity, and a voice of her own. These philosophies influenced the ideological discussion which was taking place between the club leaders.All women agreed to strengthen the foundation of their homes. But some wanted more, the ones who approved to suffrage and activism. The debate over this issue increased the differences between Washington and Du Boris. No matter how different the ideas or opinions of the people were, they had the same base. They had suffered humiliating experiences, rejected from clubs and moreover, they all believed that women would save the day. Black women also thought that they would stay above part politics unlike men, who were ineffective in dealing with race issues.Terrell thought that the worst a black woman could do was to bring a corrupt politician in the association, and also that it was important that women protested against the system which took away their rights. For NACW, unity didn’t come naturally. On same issues, the clubs put their best efforts to stick together. Clubwomen wanted to prove to the world that their image about black women was wrong. Black women are able to voice their concerns, their problems. When making a case, the women saw their differences and realized that not all black women could meet their standards.Also the clubwomen argued that the entire race was not equal, just as whites have their immoral class, lacks also have one. These women also questioned themselves as to why did the white people judge them only for their bad points? Club women wanted to end discrimination and wanted it to be marked their own success. NACW had already taken first s tep in nation building by helping others just as they help themselves. The very existence of NACW mean that black women had a defender with a national voice. The records of the club were impressive and at the end of the century it proposed a very bold plan.At the time when white women were choosing between careers or homes, NACW announced that black women will do what men do, as well as what a woman will do. Convinced that black issues were same, they spoke publicly against black men and oppression. Also they didn’t feel that their feminism would tear apart the movement into camps. The club members only saw wisdom in their approach towards black poverty, same as they saw only congruity in their race and gender. Before he even penned down the term, both conservative and activists accepted Du Boris’s philosophy.Clubwomen unlike the more modern black women leaders didn’t hesitate to represent the lower class. These women were proud of their work because they felt i t was their duty to talk to them. Where all the NACW women were proud of their achievements, the also had a reason for dread. They couldn’t forever keep ignoring the differences which separated them, for some issues were too serious, too pivotal to the future of black people. The most serious issue was that the race might not raise higher then its women. Many questions rose. Will the whites accept the association? What would happen if the status didn’t rise high?What if the programs didn’t benefit the black women? In the end it was concluded that the ideology did justice to female black activism, but if it failed the entire blame would come on the women. Twentieth century progressed and with it progressed the idea that challenges would be met by more competent women who had more knowledge and experience then the women of 1896, who were sure that would change the world history. Work Cited African &Americans. (n. d. ). National Association of Colored Women's Clubs , Inc. October 12, 2008.

Lipman Bottle Company Essay

Synopsis Lipman Bottle Company, the leading bottle distribution company in Albany, New York started distributing bottles of large bottle manufacturers on 1909. From then on, they started to adapt to the changes in the bottling industry such as the use of plastics, which prove to be profitable on their end. They grab the opportunity to distribute and print bottles with different shapes and sizes for clients who liked the convenience of their dual services. Their track record became unstable when the US economy got worse and competitors opted to cut prices of their products. Robert Lipman, the vice president of the company, realized that they have no choice but to cut prices as well so they can keep up the competition. However, he was unsure on how to cut the prices or what products he must cut so that they could survive the economic downfall. He also stated that one way to keep the business going was if they could spread their distribution to pharmaceutical and cosmetics manufacturers. Statement of the Problem What pricing must Lipman Bottle Company adapt in order to achieve the goal of 30% margin? Objectives The objective of the case study is to determine the correct pricing that Lipman Bottle Company must adapt to ensure that they would continue to be profitable and achieve the company’s goal of reaching 30% margin. Analysis and Solution Variable costs were computed per 1,000 bottles were computed based on the different combinations given on the case. Tables 1-2 shows the variable costs for Albany while Tables 3-4 shows the variable costs for the New York-New Jersey market: Table 1. Variable costs of smaller size bottles for Albany Market Table 2. Variable costs of bigger size bottles for Albany Market Table 3. Variable costs of smaller size bottles for New York-New Jersey Market Table 4. Variable costs of bigger size bottles for New York-New Jersey Market After which, we derived the break even prices for each combinations and the recommended prices based on Mr. Lipman’s goal of 30% margin: Table 5. Break even prices for smaller size bottles, Albany Market Table 6. Break even prices for bigger size bottles, Albany Market Table 7. Break even prices for smaller size bottles, New Jersey-New York Market Table 8. Break even prices for bigger size bottles, New Jersey-New York Market How did the Mr. Lipman’s goal of a 30% margin at capacity affect your price recommendation? Comparing the increase and decrease of prices among three production scenarios, the 30% margin will reflect an increase of 23% on price from 1 separation to 2 separation round due to the addition in labor. Whereas, a projected decrease of 16% from 2 separation round to 2 separation oval because of the labor conversion to semi-automatic Table 9. Prices (with 30% mark up) for small bottles, Albany – Lower size (0-1 oz) Same principle follows when you refer to the table for big bottles. Table 10. Prices (with 30% mark up) for big bottles, Albany – Bigger size (17-32 oz) Table 11. Prices (with 30% mark up) for small bottles, New York-New Jersey – Small size (0-1 oz) Table 12. Prices (with 30% mark up) for bigger bottles, New York-New Jersey – Bigger size (17-32 oz) In spite of charging a higher price for 2 separation round, it may seem that it is more profitable with the New Jersey Higher Size with $105.37. But in reality, the $95.66 will have more profit compared to $105.37 because  assuming that at 95.66 per unit, you multiply it with 100,000, which is the minimum production, you will still profit more because of the quantity. And to add, the cost of production is much lower compared to producing less like what was charged to New Jersey Higher Size with 5,000 – 9,999.

Embryonic Stem Cell Research Provides Revolutionary and...

Stem cell research is the key to developing cures for degenerative conditions like Parkinsons and motor neuron disease from which I and many others suffer. The fact that the cells may come from embryos is not an objection, because the embryos are going to die anyway. -- Stephen Hawking The phrase â€Å"stem cell† calls to mind images of controversy: Pro-life picketers outside abortion and in-vitro fertilization clinics, patients with chronic disabilities waiting on a cure, scientists in a lab experimenting with a petri dish. These cells offer unimaginable opportunities for regenerative medicine because they can retain the ability to differentiate. Stem cells are classified as either adult or embryonic. Embryonic stem cells can†¦show more content†¦In order for stem cell research to be considered morally justified by an individual, one would have to consider blastocysts to be cells that are living and human, rather than being a living human, or at least weigh the positive good that treatments derived from stem cells can provide against the negative drawbacks of destroying a potential life. Studying cadavers was as equally a distasteful process in its own time, as stem cell research is to some people today. â€Å"[Dissection] was so reviled by the public that even in the nineteenth century, there was a near state of hysteria to prevent it.† However, most people today recognize that without it we would only have rudimentary knowledge of human anatomy, and a plethora of treatments and procedures would never have been discovered. Regardless, until 1719 the practice was heavily regulated in Great Britain, and â€Å"any physicians known to perform human dissections were excommunicated by the Church.†2 â€Å"Stem cell research...today is in many ways analogous to the treatment of dissections.† Stem cell research will contribute to modern medicine in ways we can only imagine, but it needs federal funding and guidelines to get there as soon as possible. Many Americans who have fallen victim to Multiple Sclerosis or Lou Gehrigs Disease no longer have the luxury of time, a commodity currently being wasted by political posturing to satiate a vocal and misleading minority. Stem cellsShow MoreRelatedThe Ongoing Debate Over the Use of Stem Cells Essay1317 Words   |  6 Pagesorder to make life easier for many people who suffer from cancer, disease and sickness. Among these advances there is something revolutionary called stem cells. 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